Many people who travel to or from the United States run into problems when they try to use electronics like a laptop or hair dryer. This is because the American 110 volt power system is different than the European 220 volt electricity. Without a converter, devices can fail or become damaged. Even the electrical system in use can be damaged. Always use caution when operating devices in another country and check the voltage before plugging them in.
Voltage Difference between US and Europe
The United States is one of the only countries that currently use the 110 volt/60 hertz electrical system. Most countries use a higher voltage system that handles 220 volts at 50 hertz. Appliances and electronics in these countries are designed to only work with the electrical system in that area. Because the voltage in Europe is twice that of the American system, plugging American devices into a European electrical system without a converter can destroy the device and even cause a fire. Devices intended for the 60 hertz cycle may not be able to function on the 50 hertz system as well.
Using Products Abroad
Using your devices in another country often requires the use of a converter. To see if the device needs a converter, check the information panel. Many manufacturers design electronics to work with range of voltages and these products will list acceptable input levels as 110-240 volts. If a specific voltage is required, the item needs a converter to work outside this range. Always look at the wattage requirement of the product before buying a converter. A residential electrician can recommend a good converter that has a higher wattage rating than the device, which prevents malfunction.
Using the American 110 Volt System
The main advantage most residential electricians see in the American system is the safety. If a live wire running on an 110v system is accidently touched there is a lower risk of harm. The chance of a fire from a short circuit is also lower on the 110v system.
Advantages of the 220 Volt System
Although it has more safety risks, the 220v system used throughout Europe can reduce energy use and the electrical load.
There is no clear winner between the 110 volt and 220 volt electrical systems. It is important to remember the differences and risks, however, when travelling to a different country. Using electrical devices on a system they were not made for can cause fires or cause the device to malfunction or break. A trained residential electrician can recommend the right converter to use electrical items on any voltage system.
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